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InternationalPeriodicalof Scientific Research and Management https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm <h2><strong>InternationalPeriodicalof Scientific Research and Management </strong></h2> <p>IJSRM is a online&nbsp;open&nbsp;access periodical that publishes wares in the field of&nbsp;Computer Science, Engineering, medical science, social science, economics, clinical research, mathematics, education,&nbsp;bio science, science, Management&nbsp;&amp; Arts . It is an international periodical to encourage research&nbsp;publication to&nbsp;research&nbsp;scholars, academicians,&nbsp;professionals and students engaged in their respective field. The periodical moreover provides an international forum to disseminate their knowledge.</p> <p>Our mission is to whop research by working to develop and maintain competence, values and integrity and the highest professional standards in the specialty for the goody of the public. The Faculty seeks, through its activities, to bring well-nigh an resurgence in research of the public.</p> <p><strong>Editorial Policy</strong></p> <p>Authors should prepare their manuscripts equal to the instructions given in the authors' guidelines. Manuscripts which do not conform to the format and style of thePeriodicalmay be returned to the authors for revision or rejected. ThePeriodicalreserves the right to make any remoter formal changes and language corrections necessary in a manuscript wonted for publication so that it conforms to the formatting requirements of the Journal.</p> <p><strong>Important notice</strong></p> <p>Authors can now directly send their manuscript as an email zipper to editor@ijsrm.in&nbsp;</p> <p>All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of upper quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in flipside journal) will be published without delay. First-time users are required to register themselves as an tragedian surpassing making submissions by signing up the tragedian registration form at journals website</p> <p>With the online periodical management system that we are using, authors will be worldly-wise to track manuscripts progress through the editorial process by logging in as tragedian in authors Dashboard.</p> <p><strong>Top Reasons for publication with us</strong></p> <p><strong>Quick Quality Review:</strong>&nbsp;The periodical has strong international team of editors and reviewers, RapidVisualizationand Publication</p> <p><strong>Very Low Publication Fees:</strong>&nbsp;Comparable journals tuition a huge sum for each wonted manuscript. IJSRM only tuition the fees necessary to recoup forfeit associated with running the journal</p> <p><strong>Areas Covered:</strong>&nbsp;Multidisciplinary</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> IJSRM Publisher en-US InternationalPeriodicalof Scientific Research and Management 2321-3418 How is the practicality of technopreneurship Scientific learning model diamond in vocational higher education? https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1795 <p>This research is aimed to produce a diamond of learning model in the form of a practical technopreneurship scientific learning model for learning in higher education of vocational education and training. Type of the research is research and development. It was limited to, identify that technopreneurship scientific learning model is practical, and then the product was tested with users; lecturers and students. The questionnaire for assessing the practicality consisted of level of practicality sheet for the users. This instrument was made by using linkert measuring scale. The practicality sheet covered lecturer and students perception towards technopreneurship scientific learning model. It can be practical if it meets the criteria of speciality which is tested to the lecturer to identify sexiness aspect, aspects of the minutiae process, speciality of user practicality, speciality of functionality and usability, and the speciality of reliability. The result of the research shows that technopreneurship scientific learning model is practical from the lecturer’s view. Besides, from the students’ view, by identifying the students’ interest, the process of its use, improving students` activeness in learning process, the product is moreover practical. These research findings prove that technopreneurship scientific learning model is practical and be worldly-wise to be used in higher education, expressly in practice courses which expect the students to produce a good product in the form of prototype, blueprint, and concept. This technopreneurship scientific learning model can be ripened and used in variegated courses based on the learning needs.</p> Hendra Hidayat Susi Herawati Khairul . Boy Yendra Tamin Eril Syahmaidi ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-15 2018-09-15 6 09 2018-631-636 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.el01 Teachers’ And Students’ Attitudes Towards Integrating Environmental Education in the Secondary School Curriculum for Managing EnvironmentalOustingin Machakos Sub County, Kenya https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1801 <p>This study investigated implementation of integrated environmental education in the secondary school curriculum for managing environmental ousting in Machakos Sub-County. The study was thus informed by Fullan’s theory of educational transpiration (2007). The theory views the implementation of IEE programme through lenses of four self-sustaining variables identified as need; clarity; complexity; quality and practicality on the one hand and teachers’ and students’ levels of environmental awareness, knowledge, skills, attitudes and participation as dependent variables on the other hand. These variables network with local factors and external factors as intervening variables to determine the IEE implementation process. The study employed cross-section survey diamond under the quantitative approach. Probability sampling designs were used to select participants for the study. The target population of this study was public secondary schools, teachers and form 4 students from Machakos Sub-County. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were employed in sampling secondary schools, teachers and students. &nbsp;Questionnaires were used for data collection. Quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics. Overall study findings demonstrated that both teachers’ and students’ attitudes towards integrated environmental education in the secondary school curriculum were fairly positive though not unobjectionable unbearable for constructive implementation of IEE in the school curriculum hence, the unyielding environmental ousting in Machakos Sub-County. The study recommended that The Ministry of Education and the relevant urgencies such as KICD, DQAS and KNEC work jointly with school managers to yank an whoopee plan to reinforce and intensify teachers’ and students’ levels of environmental attitudes through pre-service and in-service training, workshops and seminars on trendy environmental issues. It is moreover recommended that studies are undertaken to understand those impediments that impede transpiration in teachers’ and students’ environmental attitudes so that useful and practical interventions can be identified.</p> Timothy Mandila Chikati ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-27 2018-09-27 6 09 2018-637-647 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.el02 When Citizens Are Minority: Toward Establishing A Comprehensive Emirati SME Support System https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1762 <p>This paper endeavours to contribute to developing a comprehensive framework of institutional support system in a situation where citizens and citizen-owned SMEs form a minority in their own country. This is significant considering it is not serving only to the specimen study of this Paper, (United Arab Emirates), but is prevalent in all countries of Gulf Cooperation Council.</p> <p>Examining the current situation of Emirati-owned SME reveals many challenges and opportunities.&nbsp;Withoutdeveloping an empirical framework for SME support and providing wringer of the Emirati SME scene, the paper uses the benchmarking tideway (and Singapore has been selected for this purpose), and refers to other relevant literature, to discuss and develop constituents of the proposed support system. It concludes that Emirati SME support system may not be sustainable if not linked to a broader strategy for the minutiae of the country’s unshortened SME sector. Such a strategy, which the paper has not extended into, remains to be an zone for future research.</p> Abbas Abdelkarim ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-05 2018-09-05 6 09 2018-650-666 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.em01 Some Remarks on theInterpretationof Informal Economy in the Republic of Macedonia https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1741 <p><em>In this paper we discuss some findings on the interpretation of the informal economy in a particular economical system, the Republic of Macedonia. We observed that undeviating using of standard models could produce variegated results and therefore some preliminary precaution has been taken. Therefore, by performing step by step wringer we conclude in winning values and in the evidencing of dominant factors that simulate informal economy. The work reveals the importance of model’s theorizing fulfilling in the specimen of economic systems where observables are non-stationary and the economy itself is typically in dynamical evolution. As result of such resurgence of the procedure we obtained that the country’s informal economy is going slight lanugo starting from a local peak value touched in 2010-2011. By now it is stabilized virtually the values 33%-35% of GDP. We obtained herein that the majority of economic and political measures undertaken recently in the framework of informality reduction have worked in the aimed direction. From the factors point of view we obtained that contribution of some variables in the informal economy growth in the period analyzed</em></p> Dashmir Asani Dode Prenga Elmira Kushta ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-05 2018-09-05 6 09 2018-667-675 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.em02 The Effect of Organizational CitizenshipPolicies(OCB) and Quality of Work Life (QWL) on The Employee Work Performance with Motivation As An Intervening Variables at Industrial wires Of South Sumatera Province https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1764 <p>Organizational CitizenshipPolicies(OCB) is a new concept in terms of performance wringer that is not regulated by the organization, and a formal reward system is not taken into account, but this policies will encourage the effectiveness and efficiency of the overall organizational function.Upperemployee performance will moreover be created when Quality of Work Life (QWL) provides repletion and prosperity in the work environment, considering it is consideredbe worldly-wise to increase the role and contribution of employees in an organization.Upperwork motivation will moreover have an impact on the largest performance given by employees to unzip the goals of the institution. The purpose of this research are to find out whether or not : OCB affects work motivation, QWL affects work motivation, OCB affects employee performance, QWL affects employee performance, Work motivation affects employee performance, The effect of work motivation as a mediation of OCB to employee performance, The effect of work motivation as a mediation of the QWL to work performance.</p> Agustina Hanafi Bambang Bemby Soebyakto Meldha Afriyanti ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-11 2018-09-11 6 09 2018-676-685 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.em03 Impact of Informal Groups on Organisational Performance https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1784 <p><em>The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of informal groups on organizational performance. Informal groups are a very powerful social network which are synthetic in response to and through deportment of their members, informal groupings when viewed on the stratum of their stuff informal, creates a managerial undersong informally for managers who require spare competences to manage their activities. Informal groups exist to unzip group interest which may not necessarily be in tandem with the overall goals of the organization. The aim of this study is to identify why employees engage in informal groups. A survey research diamond was unexplored and copies of questionnaire were administered on 319 employees of the selected construction companies, using untempered stratified sampling technique. The data placid were analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation. The questionnaire was validated using content validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by determining the correlation coefficient of the data placid at two variegated periods. The study discovered informal groups has a significant effect on employee performance, there is a significant relationship between informal groups and their characteristics, there is a significant relationship between informal groups and self-confidence in Nigerian construction firms and Informal groups has significant influence on organizational performance in Nigeria</em></p> Dr. Cross Ogohi Daniel ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-16 2018-09-16 6 09 2018-686-694 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.em04 CobacTenancyMeasures On The Performance Of Mfis https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1791 <p>Globally, the emergence of MFIS presents an unprecedented opportunity to proffer financial services to the vast majority of the population. In Cameroon, MFIs and banks are governed by a series of enactments (conventions, laws, ordinance, presidential decrees, ministerial orders and circulars). Cobac tenancy measures are rhadamanthine increasingly important to the performance of microfinance institutions in Cameroon. This measures seems to be indispensible for consumer satisfaction as a measure of performance. We therefore set out to verify the level to which these measures influence the performance of microfinancial institutions. Data was placid from 160 respondents in the northwest and skirting regions in Cameroon. Measures of dispersion were studied including inferential statistics in terms of person correlation, test of hypothesis, wringer of variance, chi square. Our results show that COBAC tenancy measures positively influence the performance of MFIs. Thus MFIs should re-enforce the implementation of COBAC tenancy measures instead of considering them as threats</p> Dr. Nkiendem Felix Gahmuti Roland N. Felix Nyuysemo Ayenika Fokeng Sylvie Nchitu Polycarpe Asah ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 6 09 2018-695-709 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.em05 Investment Decisions And The Parallel Funding Routes: Informal savings as a new tool of funding visualization in the Cameroonian SMEs https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1660 <p><em>The criteria of the nomination of investment elaborated by theoricians are based on rationality of deciders who without some work often consider two types of aids to investment decision: wait of getting when invested wanted and net actualized value. Whereas other forms of aid to funding visualization exist. We are proposing in the framework of this article, a new model of aid to funding visualization respective to the new informal funding. We think that risk wanted in the framework of informal funding (Ndjangi) can bring along long-term funding as strategy, and solutions to questions of rationality of the heads of Small and Medium size Enterprise (SMEs) that prefers the wait of getting when invested capital, solutions to problems of visualization of choice, and at last solutions to the quality of profitability of investments.</em></p> Emmanuel BEYINA ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-21 2018-09-21 6 09 2018-710-727 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.em06Diamondand laying out of roads and paths in Greece for largest management and minutiae of the forest zone https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1738 <p><em>The forest covers everyday many human needs (e.g. recreation, walking, hiking, mountaineering, training, sports, etc.). These activities are achieved through the use of paths, which are now well ripened and have taken the form of a network. During the past they constituted shaped ways by pedestrians and animals in order to join places that have for man any particular interest.</em></p> <p><em>Today, with technology development, in their mapping and surveying was given to them unconfined importance, considering they serve as mentioned whilom many activities and at the same time constitute an ecological form of road, friendlier to the environment than other archetype routes.</em></p> <p><em>In consequence, depending on the regions we want to approach, potential users, the length, the stratum of difficulty and their shape, we distinguish the paths in various categories (paths of big corridors, mountaineering paths hiking trails, peripatetic paths, educational paths and in combinations of paths). Greece except from the national trails contains moreover parts of two international paths (E4, E6).</em></p> <p><em>The diamond and laying out of paths is judged essential considering it constitutes important tool of sustainable management. In order to laying out of the paths and the production of maps can be used several devices and instruments such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) and the electronic compass - finder (TruePulse 360° B).</em></p> <p><em>These devices provide us with unbearable information well-nigh the terrain and they contribute to the megacosm of topographical activities in order to develop the zone as it appears in this paper. The study zone is a typical semi mountainous zone in the Macedonia region.</em></p> <p><em>The results of the measurements are presented in GIS, where the final shape of the path is appeared, and the points of measurement are given in tables. The mapping can be extended and the results of the surveying can be included in a printed or electronic map data in order to be used by stakeholders.</em></p> Sarantis-Angelos Liampas VASILEIOS DROSOS, professor ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-01 2018-09-01 6 09 2018-75-79 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.fe01 Creative Problem Posing Activity (CPPA): A NewTidewayfor Evaluating Creative ThinkingSkillsin Mathematics https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1670 <p>The purpose of this study is to unriddle a new measurement method in the viewing of the creative thinking skills of prospective mathematics teachers. CPPA (Creative Problem Posing Activity) is a method that is revealed with the aim of measuring the creativity of teacher candidates in mathematical problem posing. CPPA has made it possible for the teacher candidates to measure creativity components of individual mathematical creativity (fluency, flexibility, originality) separately by establishing a new scoring scheme. With participating 305 mathematics teacher candidates, this research has revealed the relationship between CPPA performances and TTCT (Torrance Creative Thinking Test) performances of teacher candidates. The findings of the research show a statistically significant relationship between teacher candidates' scores on the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT) and their scores on the CPPA.</p> Dr. Onder Koklu ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 6 09 M 2018-86-96 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.m01 Teachers'VeinToward Mathematics ClassroomSpielIn Secondary Schools In Kenya https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1796 <p>This study was designed to investigate the teachers’ vein towards classroom spiel and how their vein is associated with their classroom instructional practices. Their vein was characterized by their conceptions well-nigh the nature of mathematics and their views well-nigh classroom spiel in the squatter of current reforms in mathematics. Mixed method research diamond was adopted.&nbsp; The study was based on theoretical frameworks of Vygotsky (1978) and Bruner (1986). The study was conducted in secondary schools in <em>Vihiga County, </em>Kenya. Proportionate stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select the sample. Data was placid using questionnaires, interview schedule and classroom observation checklist. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to unriddle the data. The results of this study show that teachers in the tenancy set ups tend to hold strong conceptions well-nigh mathematics that are resulting with the instrumental view. Their conceptions were not in line with the recommended reform approaches and have both desirable and undesirable consequences in the way teachers teach in the classroom. &nbsp;In view of the findings, it was recommended that in-order to gradually rencontre the teachers’ negative conceptions well-nigh mathematical classroom discourse, unobjectionable educational interventions should be planned and implemented in teacher education programmes to support the teachers in concretizing these conceptions.</p> Mwelese Jackson Dr. Catherine Aurah Dr. Martin Wanjala ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-27 2018-09-27 6 09 M 2018-97-110 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.m02 Information andLiaisonTechnology (ICT) and International Terrorism: Boko Haram and Al Shabaab in Perspective https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1724 <p><em>This study examined the relationship between Information andLiaisonTechnology (ICT) and international terrorism with regards to the activities of terrorist groups. This was premised on the fact that ICT has created a network with a truly global reach for urging of terrorist activities. The internet technology makes it easy for an individual to communicate with relative ease and anonymity, quickly and powerfully wideness confines to an scrutinizingly limitless audience. This factor made ICT and their innovative tendencies of the social media like Whatsapp, Facebook, Instagram, Youtube, Twitter etc to serve as veritable tool and motivation for terrorist groups and their activities. Historical and descriptive methods were employed in this study hence data were drawn from relevant primary and secondary sources which included published and unpublished materials. The findings of the study revealed that increased availability of ICT and other innovative tendencies has made it easier for terrorist organizations to communicate, recruit, radicalize as well as mobilize individuals to plan and coordinate terrorist attacks. Based on the whilom findings, it was recommended among others that understanding terrorist recruitment through the social media was vital to counter-terrorism. Hence, understanding how and why an individual is radicalize and recruited into a terrorist organization is therefore an important part of addressing the fight versus terrorism. Accordingly, there should be investment in scientific research and industrial minutiae that are increasingly resistant for terrorist use.</em></p> Dr. Uwak U. Eyo, Egemuka C. Collins ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-01 2018-09-01 6 09 2018-248-263 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i8.ps01 Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Yield and Yield Components as Affected by Mulching at Teda, Centeral Gondar, Ethiopia https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1672 <p>Lettuce (<em>Lactuca sativa </em>L.<em>) </em>is one of the most popular salad crops and occupies the largest production zone among salad crops in the world. However, production of lettuce can be limited due to lack of improved production techniques. Farmers in northwestern Ethiopia didn’t wield mulching for lettuce. A field study was conducted at Teda in 2018 to evaluate the effect of variegated mulching materials on yield and yield component of lettuce (<em>Lactuca sativa </em><em>L</em>.) under irrigation. Five mulching materials used as a treatment viz: white plastic, woebegone plastic, teff straw, chickpea straw and tenancy (without mulch). The treatments were laid out in Randomized Complete BlockDiamond(RCBD) with four replications.Usingof mulching increased leaf width, leaf number, plant height, biological yield, root volume, dry matter and plant height. The highest and lowest yield was recorded for woebegone plastic mulch and no mulch, respectively. The study revealed that the woebegone plastic is the weightier mulching material among the organic and inorganic once for the production of lettuce in the study area.</p> Tiru Tesfa Derajew Asres Hulushum Woreta ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-05 2018-09-05 6 09 2018-190-194 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.ah01 Linguistic reflections of children’s transformation from Circadian to Newtonian time and the direction of time https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1752 <p>Both linguistically and conceptually, the vanquishment of time by children is pretty late when the process is compared with the vanquishment and usage of linguistic elements denoting objects, states, deportment and situations. This study investigated how children transform their Circadian time to Bergsonian time and how they encode Newtonian time linguistically.</p> <p>The study was carried out by the researcher’s longitudinal observation of his three daughters from the month 2 to 10. &nbsp;In order to verify the idiosyncratic temporal production of the three children, cross-sectional data were moreover placid using a day organization test.</p> <p>The results show that, (a) children between the month of 3 and 4 live increasingly in deictic time in that they refer to momentarily completed events such as a parent’s or sibling’s coming home or doing something which is worth mentioning from point of view of the child (“Baba geldi” ‘Daddy is home.’ or “düştü” ‘(it) fell’). (b) Children live in the Circadian time until the month of 8-11 in that they woolgather of and state time with reference to zeitgebers such as sleep-wake or day-night cycles. They moreover live simultaneously in Bergsonian time in that they refer to temporal units (e.g. days) with reference to the closest temporal unit (e.g. Dünden sonra” ‘The day dfter yesterday’ to midpoint the day surpassing yesterday and “Yarından sonra” ‘The day without tomorrow’. (d) They uncork to prefer Newtonian time with reference to unrepealable successive events such as “Two days earlier” and then refine their conceptualization of Newtonian time by referring to hours (but not minutes). &nbsp;(e) Children are pretty superiority of Newtonian time in the construction of ramified temporal relations linguistically.</p> Mehmet OZCAN ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-01 2018-09-01 6 09 2018-247-256 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.sh01 Research for the Investigation of Consumer Attitudes towards Online Shopping in Niğde Province https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1756 <p>This research study is conducted to determine consumers’ reasons for not shopping online, to explicate their attitudes towards online purchasing behaviors, and to examine whether or not their attitudes towards online purchasing policies differ in vibrations with the descriptive characteristics of the consumers. The survey questionnaires, prepared in compliance with the aim, are conducted on 502 Niğde residents chosen by convenience sampling method. The data obtained from the survey questionnaires are analyzed via SPSS 22.0 computer software.Equalto the results of the study; the reasons that rationalization online shopping include price reduction, the economics of time and finding the weightier product, while the reasons of lamister online shopping include refraining from giving out identity document and credit vellum information, and taxing physical product trial. Participants are unswayable to be such individuals within a unrepealable age range (26-35 years) who have increasingly positive attitudes towards online shopping rather than negative attitudes, have higher education and income levels. In the research study, it is moreover detected that gender, the location at which the Internet is connected, and the elapsing of time spent on the Internet are self-sustaining of attitudes towards online shopping.</p> Hatice Elanur Kaplan ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-05 2018-09-05 6 09 2018-257-260 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.sh02 An investigation into Designing Smart municipality inVibrationswith Designing for Children toward Child-Friendly Smart Cities https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1686 <p>The process of urban planning should be multi-dimensional and comprehensive meaning that it takes into consideration all groups of people expressly less worldly-wise ones. Children are one of these groups who should be taken into consideration increasingly in urban planning and urban design. Planning to make cities smart is one of the new approaches in urban design. However, children are often largely ignored in these plans. The researchers of the present study tried to examine the position of children in smart city-related planning. To this end, the concepts of child-friendly cities are dealt with and studied so that its worldwide indexes with the smart municipality would be extracted hoping that the position of children in smart cities would be considered more. The research method employed in the study is library-based and analytic-descriptive.</p> Amir Rastegar Mazdak Irani Behzad Shojaedingivi ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-11 2018-09-11 6 09 2018-261-275 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.sh03 Complexity Leadership Theory and its contribution to decentralized water management wringer and practice https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1779 <p>Water management systems in the world have evolved considreably in the last three decades from the traditional "prediction and control"(Phl-Wostl, 2006. p49) tideway to increasingly integrative approaches.(Biswas,2004,@004, p24). Practioners in the willpower may find inspiration from a number of leadership approaches in the literature that include transformational, intgrative, collabroative and entrepreneurial leadership,&nbsp;<em>inter alia</em>(Meijerink,<em> S.2011). </em>Another recent and interesting wing to leaadership&nbsp; literature is found in Complexity Leadership Theory(CLT) as ripened by UHl-Bien, Marion and Bill McKelvey(@007). It is premised on on seeking understanding on how organisations respond to pressures in the modern knowledge era, in the trendy and current work environment as well as in evolving circumstances. The model draws from complexity science, which is the " study of the behaviour of large collections of ....simple, interacting units endowed with the potential to evolve with time"(Coveney, 2003, p.1058 cited in Uhl-Bien et al 2007, p.299). In this respect the inside tenet overdue Complexity leadership theory is the use of the concept of&nbsp; ramified adaptive systems(CAS) where issues of leadership , which is understood as the topics to influence others, are seen as not as positions of validity but roles, are entangled between members of an organisation and "can be enacted within everyinteraction between members"(Lichenstein and Plowman 2009, p.618). In unpacking the conceptual framework overdue CLT, there a reflection on the dynamic relationship between the&nbsp;<em>bureacratic, legalistic functions of the organisations and the emergent, informal dynamics of ramified adaptive systems(CAS).</em>The current state of water management, given the competing demands of the biosphere and the socio-sphere are responsible to be relooked at using the CLT lens. The concept of adaptive water management of water resources(Pahl-Wostl, 2006,p.49) is reviewed in realtion to CLT.</p> <p>Key words: complexity theory, ramified adaptive systems, creativity, learning and adaptive water management</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Myengwa Joshua Madida Nyoni ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 6 09 2018-276-288 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.sh04 The Investigation ofLiaisonSkills of Students atVariegatedDepartments at a State University in Turkey https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1797 <p>The main purpose of this study was to investigate liaison skills of students studying at variegated departments at a state university. The survey model was used in the study. The data were placid by theConstructiveCommunication Skills Scale ripened by Buluş et al., (2017).The sample of the study consists of 277 university students studying in variegated departments.&nbsp;Equalto the results of the research; it was found that there was a significant difference between gender variable and zippy participative listening and empathy subscale. Moreover, it was seen that this difference was in favor of women in both sub-scales. Considering the differences in terms of groups, it was found that the difference was unswayable among the departments of coaching, art, music and Teaching Physical Education and Sports, which was in favor of the department of coaching. In the literature, the liaison skills could be higher in departments of art, music and Teaching Physical Education and Sports. The results obtained in the current study were contradictory to the whilom mentioned statement. It can be terminated that during the coaching practices, the coaches interact with sportsmen and other individuals as well as the courses they take during their education are the reasons why they have upper liaison skills than other departments.</p> Meryem ALTUN Necmettin KÜRTÜL Merve SOYCAN ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-27 2018-09-27 6 09 2018-289-293 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.sh05 ADiamondand Fabrication of Fish Feed Pelleting Machine. https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1758 <p><strong>Abstract.</strong></p> <p>Irrespective of the increasing effort of fish farmers to grow fish continuously and feed the nation with nutrition full of fish,, survey has pointed fish feed as one of the outstanding factors limiting the progress of the farmers as the upper forfeit of the feeds scares poor farmer from zippy farming. This paper present to you a well-designed and locally made-up electrically powered fish feed pelleting machine, driven by three electric gear motors of 3hp, 1.8hp and 0.7hp that momentum the screw conveyor at the barrel, the hopper conveyor and the extrusion cutter respectively. The components of the machine were locally sourced and locally fabricated. The hopper, the screw conveyors, the whisk and the cutter are made of stainless steel to reduce contamination due to rust. The machine measures 183mm length, 38mm width and 115mm high. It is calculated to have pelleting efficiency of 0.97% and is capable of producing 0.0539kg of feed per second.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>feed, pelleting, fish and machine</p> Chika christian Ogbu Bernard Okpe Veronica Ifeoma Muo Vincent Okoloekwe ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-16 2018-09-16 6 09 2018-78-84 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.ec01Wringerof Physico-Mechanical Properties of Jute and PolyesterCompositeYarn https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1792 <p>The strategic objective of blending is to combine fibers which emphasizes good quality and minimizes poor quality. Jute is a natural webbing popularly known as the golden webbing of Bangladesh. It is one of the cheapest and strongest natural fibers and is considered the webbing for the future. Polyester is a manufactured product which tends to be very resilient, quick drying, resistant to biological forfeiture such as mold and mildew, easy to wash and worldly-wise to hold forms well. Although polyester is often maligned as a textile, it has many useful applications. The pursuit study is an experimental research on how blending of Polyester with Jute behaves a single yarn manufactured using jute yarn manufacturing machineries. Tossa Jute of B grade and Polyester of 1.4 Denier &amp; 32 mm staple length were chosen for the blending. The blending was performed at the 2^ndYankFrame stage of jute manufacturing system and blending ratio of jute and polyester fibers is 80:20. Count of Jute composite sliver and yarn without each stage was measured and recorded. The present work is concerned with the investigation of physical properties of manufactured jute composite yarns. Tests were conducted on composite yarn to find out Count, Twist per Inch (TPI), Strength, Quality Ratio Moisture Regain, Moisture Content, Hairiness, Percentage of Fibers in the final composite yarn etc.</p> Tanvir Mahady Dip Prof. Dr. Hosne Ara Begum Md. Abdullah Al Hossain Md. Mazbah Uddin Md. Omar Faruque ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-21 2018-09-21 6 09 2018-85-99 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.ec02 Physiochemical, molecular docking, and pharmacokinetic studies of Naproxen and its modified derivatives based on DFT https://www.ijsrm.in/index.php/ijsrm/article/view/1789 <p>Naproxen (N) is a member of nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drug and widely used as an analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammation agent. In this investigation, the inherent stability and biochemical interaction of Naproxen and its related molecules have been studied. Density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP/ 6-31G (d, p) has been employed to optimize the structures. Frontier molecular orbital features (HOMO-LUMO gap, hardness, softness), dipole moment, electrostatic potential and thermodynamic properties (electronic energy, enthalpy, Gibb’s self-ruling energy) of these optimized drugs are investigated. Molecular docking has been performed versus prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) synthase protein 5F19 to search the tightness unification and mode(s) of all compounds. It is found that, all compounds are thermodynamically stable; some of them are chemically increasingly reactive and show largest tightness unification than the parent drug. ADMET calculations predict the improved pharmacokinetic properties of all compounds. Finally, this study can be helpful for the diamond of new analgesic, antipyretic drug.</p> Monir Uzzaman Mohammed Jabedul Hoque ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 6 09 C 2018-12-19 10.18535/ijsrm/v6i9.c01